• 2025考研復(fù)試伴學(xué)班
• 2025考研復(fù)試標(biāo)準(zhǔn)班
• 2026考研英語全程班
• 26考研全科上岸規(guī)劃營「擇校▪規(guī)劃▪備考」
• 2025考研專業(yè)課復(fù)習(xí)資料「真題▪筆記▪講義▪題庫」

考研英語翻譯難點精析(四)

定語從句翻譯法

1)合譯法:把定語從句放在被修飾的詞語之前，從而將英語復(fù)合句翻譯成漢語單句。

Eg:

Congress made public a survey of human rights in 105 countries that receive U.S. aid.國會公布了關(guān)于接受美國援助的105個國家的人權(quán)情況調(diào)查報告。

2)分譯法:根據(jù)定語從句的不同情況，我們可以將其翻譯成并列分句、其它從句或獨立句等。

Eg:

Anyone who stops absorbing new knowledge is certain to lag behind.任何人如果停止吸取新知識，就肯定會落后。(譯為條件狀語從句)

The strike would prevent the docking of ocean steamships which require assistance of tugboats.罷工會使遠(yuǎn)洋航船不能靠岸，因為他們需要拖船的幫助。(譯成原因狀語從句)

A geological prospecting engineer who had made a spectral analysis of ores discovered a new open-cut coalmine.一位地質(zhì)勘探工程師對光譜進(jìn)行了分析之后,發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的露天煤礦。(譯為時間狀語結(jié)構(gòu))

The delivery of public services has tended to be an area where we decorate an obsolete process with technology.公共服務(wù)的提供方式已趨陳舊，這正是我們必須采用技術(shù)加以裝備的領(lǐng)域。(譯為并列分句)

We now live in a very new economy, a service economy, where relationships are becoming more important than physical products.現(xiàn)在我們正生活于一種全新的經(jīng)濟，即服務(wù)性經(jīng)濟中，各種關(guān)系越來越比物質(zhì)產(chǎn)品更為重要。(譯為并列分句)

主語從句翻譯法

1)以that, what, who, where, whatever等代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可以將從句翻譯成“的”字結(jié)構(gòu)。

Eg:It is important that science and technology be pushed forward as quickly as possible.重要的是要把科學(xué)技術(shù)搞上去。

Whoever breaks the law will be punished.凡是犯法的人都要受到法律的制裁。(主語從句與主句合譯成簡單句，按順序譯出)

2)也可以譯成“主-謂-賓”結(jié)構(gòu),從句本身做句子的主語，其余部分按原文順序譯出。

Eg:

Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa(反之)often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.政府究竟是以犧牲對技術(shù)的經(jīng)費投入來增加對純理論科學(xué)的經(jīng)費投入，還是相反，這往往取決于把哪一方看作是驅(qū)動的力量。

3)分譯法:把原來的狀語從句從整體結(jié)構(gòu)中分離出來,譯成另一個相對獨立得單句。

Eg:

It has been rightly stated that this situation is a threat to international security.這個局勢對國際安全是個威脅，這樣的說法是完全正確的。(It是形式主語，that this situation is a threat to international security是真正的賓語)