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考研英語翻譯難點精析(一)

被動語態(tài)翻譯法

1) 變?yōu)闈h語的主動形式。

Eg:

It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.這種說法從一開始就將討論引向兩個極端，它使人們認(rèn)為應(yīng)該這樣對待動物：要么像對待人類自身一樣關(guān)切體諒，要么完全冷漠無情。

2) 譯成具有被動意義的漢語結(jié)構(gòu)。

Eg:

For all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.盡管計算機可以提供那么多的幫助，它卻不應(yīng)該被看作是基本的思維和推理技巧的替代物。

Eg:

How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.這些預(yù)測將在多大程度上為后來的表現(xiàn)所證實取決于所用信息的數(shù)量、可靠程度、適宜程度以及用來解釋這些信息的技巧與才智。

3) 增添“人們”、“大家”等適當(dāng)?shù)脑~做漢語譯文的主語。

Eg:

And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.許多人認(rèn)為普通人的思維活動根本無法和科學(xué)家的思維過程想比較，他們并認(rèn)為這些思維過程必須經(jīng)過某中專門訓(xùn)練才能掌握。

Eg:

During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.在這種轉(zhuǎn)變中，歷史學(xué)家研究歷史時，那些解釋新史料的新方法充實了傳統(tǒng)的歷史研究方法。